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Abstract
In this paper the writer recalls the development processes of French farming especially the present two-fold tendency towards industrialization and regression. Mountain regions are particularly affected by farmers leaving farming and by the growing lack of social life. To combat this the State is setting up a policy to compensate for natural handicaps. If taken to its logical conclusion this compensation leads to great and increasing expenditure for the State. Are other means possible ? Experiments carried out at times seem to indicate that they are — intensive stock- breeding, the development of labelled products, the re-settling of city-dwellers should be examined in the light of the overwhelming importance of modern techniques.