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Abstract
Languedoc-Roussillon agriculture is characterised by a great reduction of the vineyards area and by a fall in wine producers'incomes. Yet there is no agricultural diversification. This article examines how relations between economic agents, institutions and structures, belonging historically to the same viticulture system, can explain the dynamics of this regional agriculture. The analysis of agricultural income components shows how the process of agricultural diversification is constrained by the inertia of inherited institutions and by the changes ofsectorial and regional external effects.