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Abstract
Since 1 974, the State is forced to allot «exceptional» direct subsidies to the farmers in order to keep the promise to maintain or promote farmers' purchasing power. In fact, all budget items of agriculture are rapidly increasing and the share of direct or indirect public subsidies which contribute to defend the farm income now represent more than 50 % of this income. The State thus not only compensates an important portion of low farm incomes and reduces disparities between farmers but also secures the farm production system.