The major constraint to cowpea production is the high parasitic pressure of pests and diseases, which leads producers to make excessive use of chemical pesticides. To overcome the harmful consequences of chemical pesticides, agricultural research has developed and promoted the technology of aqueous extracts of neem in Benin. This study assesses, with a gender perspective, the perceptions of cowpea producers regarding the characteristics of these aqueous neem extracts in southwestern Benin. The research was based on focus groups and an in-depth investigation of a case study. The study uses a gender analysis, coupled with the theory of reasoned action, to determine the perceptions of 96 male and 144 female cowpea producers. The constraints and opportunities of cowpea producers have been identified taking into account gender. The perceptions of the producers, concerning the aqueous extracts of neem, were analyzed through the calculation of indices of perception (index of demand, supply and realization). The results highlighted constraints and opportunities directly related to gender. Producers have identified five criteria for assessing phytosanitary products. The perception indices highlighted differences in perceptions between men and women, mainly due to gender-differentiated constraints and opportunities. were analyzed through the calculation of perception indices (demand, supply and realization index). The results highlighted constraints and opportunities directly related to gender. Producers have identified five criteria for assessing phytosanitary products. The perception indices highlighted differences in perceptions between men and women, mainly due to gender-differentiated constraints and opportunities. were analyzed through the calculation of perception indices (demand, supply and realization index). The results highlighted constraints and opportunities directly related to gender. Producers have identified five criteria for assessing phytosanitary products. The perception indices highlighted differences in perceptions between men and women, mainly due to gender-differentiated constraints and opportunities.