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Abstract
Incomes in 1969 on two synthesized, representative 40-cow dairy farms were about $15,100 in central New York and $19,600 in southeastern Wisconsin, both record-highs and about 10 percent above 1968 levels. Farm expenses advanced 4 to 5 percent on farms in both areas, but gross income increased about 7.5 percent largely because milk prices continued to rise. The income position of these milk producers has improved considerably since 1965. As significant increases in milk prices have kept ahead of steadily rising prices paid for production items. Partitioning farm returns to resources according to resource functions of investment, ownership, labor, and management revealed that rates of return competitive with use in alternative employment were earned on dairy farms in both areas in 1968 and 1969.