Addressing food and nutrition security (FNS) strategies implies understanding the complexity of such a notion, as well as facing the governance challenges that are necessary for the effective implementation and sustainability of actions. Despite its importance, the issue of FSN governance is difficult when executing actions, mainly due to the need for procedures that facilitate and favor the study of the diverse scenarios that may arise, considering the multiple relationships between groups, the way in which they interact, what they achieve and where they are headed. In order to cover it, this article presents an analytical scheme that allows governance to be analyzed from the FNS systemic approach, with the aim of addressing complex problems from a human and sustainable perspective, seeking to overcome sectoral actions that fragment food systems. The article presents a conceptual and methodological proposal based on a bibliographic and documentary review, as well as the experiences of its application into practice, when studying the strategy of including food produced by family farming in school feeding in Costa Rica, during the period from 2015 to 2019. The analytical scheme presented contemplates principles and frameworks based on system theory, which guides towards feedback and synergy between institutional and food systems. In addition, it is complemented by the approach of public policy networks to consider non-linear structures in order to define the limits of the research to be studied, through the different ways of intervention and involvement of the parties. In this way, the application of the proposed conceptual framework favors the management process, aimed to guide researchers, planners, decision and policy strategy makers that seek to contribute to the human right to food and promote sustainable human development.