This publication is a comprehensive account of major Federal programs and policies relating to conservation and development of water and related land resources and to water pollution control in the years 1961 to 1970. It discusses most relevant Federal legislation and the functioning of Federal and federally-assisted programs involving research, planning, construction, and regulation. Also discussed are national, regional, and local political issues related to water programs and policies; presidential, congressional, and agency policymaking processes; and origins of the environmental movement and its effects on water resources programs and policies.