Nutrition Improvement Projects (NIPs) are sets of planned activities specifically undertaken as interventions to reduce malnutrition and its associated problems in the communities. The study focused on five NIPs of varying nature. The projects included the internationally known Iringa Nutrition Project, and the National Salt Iodation Project. Others include, a locally processed weaning food, and smallholder agricultural-based projects. The aligning of institutions for delivering primary health services attempted by some nutrition improvement projects in Tanzania seems to be in disharmony with the organisational capacities, and therefore causing high transaction costs. On the other hand, things look promising for the deliverance of non-public good services. The private sector - through the use of market mechanism, and more involvement of the civil society as a way of increasing the participation of beneficiaries, hold the key to success for that matter. Such arrangements are likely to be favoured by the continuing economic changes in the country.