This research focuses on the profitability of crop rotation systems in the Middle Swartland region. Crop rotation present a possible alternative to wheat monoculture production, of which profitability decreased since 1996. The advantage of crop rotation is mainly increasing yields and savings on inputs like fertilizers, herbicides and pesticides. Information was obtained by making use of the Delphi technique and group discussions whereby a multi dissiplinary team of experts were involved. The internal rate of return (IRR) was used as financial criterium in calculating the expected profitability of each of the eight crop rotation systems being researched. Of the eight systems the most profitable one is expected to be one consisting of wheat being rotated with medic and clover mixtures as grazing for livestock. The profitability analysis of the alternative crop rotation systems as well as the financial implications of the implementation thereof in the practical farming situation was performed with the aid of typical farming models of the region.