The use of outsourcing can affect the factors that determine the competitiveness of the company. The high level of competitiveness should ensure the company’s ability to endure and enlarge the market share and the sustainable development in the long term. Polish food sector is competitive to other EU countries due to agricultural product prices and relatively low processing costs. Therefore, food businesses should develop and strengthen its competitive potential, which will give them a competitive advantage. This can be accomplished using a variety of management strategies, including the outsourcing. The purpose of this article is to present the possibilities and risks arising from the use of outsourcing in the process of creating competitiveness.