In the study, the agro-ecological potential of agriculture in the province of Lublin was evaluated at a district level. As it utilizes ca. 60% of the total area of the district, agriculture in Poland, along with its production function, also bears responsibility for the conservation of environmental resources. Hence the assessment of its potential should include the environment-related aspect. The study showed that within the province of Lublin the district of Hrubieszów stood out for its high agro-ecological potential whereas the lowest agro-ecological potential was found in the district of Biała. Agro-ecological potential depends mainly on the quality of the agricultural productive space and on the agro-chemical condition of the soil.