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Abstract
For practical considerations, it is in some case impossible to simulate MAS models at
population level. The current paper shows that MAS models applied to samples with
heterogeneous costs of interactions between agents have biased results. Heterogeneous costs of
interactions in MAS models can come from the spatial dimension in MAS models or from fixed
costs per interaction. The paper presents two correction procedures to remove the sampling
bias and to increase the reliability of the outcome. The correction procedures can be very
promising for future applications of MAS models because it becomes possible to deploy more
complex models without bias on more detailed datasets that are only available at sample level,
which will be the case for country- or EU-wide MAS applications.