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Abstract
As dairy farms grow and specialize in milking cows, raising replacement heifers is
increasingly outsourced. Perhaps the largest challenge of outsourcing the heifer enterprise
involves quality, measured as milk production potential, and the possibility for moral
hazard due to hidden action on the part of the custom heifer grower. A principal-agent
framework was used to elicit contract terms to provide incentives for the heifer grower to
achieve desired growth rates, and enable the return of the heifer to the dairy farm on an
accelerated time frame, without sacrificing quality. To mitigate incentive asymmetries,
bonuses and deductions are proposed.