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Abstract
In Malawi, maize is the major crop and food staple. Given limited off-farm employment
opportunities, much-needed increases in household income for improving food security must
come from gains in agricultural productivity through better technology and more profitable
crops. In the past, agricultural policy promoted hybrid maize and, more recently, tobacco to
increase smallholder income. This paper presents an analysis of what determines the adoption
of these two crops and what kind of income effects follow from adoption. Apart from factor
endowment and exposure to agroecological risks, differences in the household's access to
financial and commodity markets significantly influence its cropping shares and farm income.