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Abstract
Factors affecting the adoption of crop insurance, forward contracting, and spreading sales are
analyzed using multivariate and multinomial probit approaches that account for simultaneous
adoption and/or correlation among the three risk management adoption decisions. Our empirical
results suggest that the decision to adopt crop insurance, forward contracting, and/or
spreading sales are correlated. Richer insights can be drawn from our multivariate and
multinomial probit analysis than from separate, single-equation probit estimation that assumes
independence of adoption decisions. Some factors significantly affecting the adoption
of the risk management tools analyzed are proportion of owned acres, off-farm income,
education, age, and level of business risks.