Les échanges de l’Union européenne en produits animaux et les effets de trois accords commerciaux (Royaume-Uni, Ukraine, Canada)

Global trade in animal products, excluding trade between European Union (EU) Member States, has increased significantly over the past two decades, reaching € 226 billion in 2023. This represents approximately 17% of total agricultural and agri-food trade. With a trade surplus of nearly € 50 billion in 2024, the EU has the largest trade surplus in animal products in the world. Despite the implementation of several free trade agreements, the EU’s trade balance has improved considerably over the past twenty years, in particular due to dairy products and pork. While trade agreements with the United Kingdom and Canada have been beneficial for European trade, more restrictive measures were introduced in 2025 with respect to Ukraine to curb the substantial rise in exports (notably poultry) since the outbreak of the war.