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Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the structural characteristics and biodiversity of poor natural evergreen broadleaf production forests in Lao Cai province. Three temporary sample plots of 2,500 m² each were established randomly across different altitudinal zones to collect data. Results showed that tree density ranged from 416 to 616 trees/ha, average diameter from 13.3 to 15.8 cm, and average height from 10.3 to 11.4 m. Wood volume ranged from 55.4 to 68.9 m³/ha, and biomass from 46.2 to 57.7 tons/ha. The Shannon index varied from 2.42 to 3.16 and the Simpson index from 0.80 to 0.94, indicating medium to high biodiversity. Elevation significantly influenced forest structure and species composition, with mid-altitude plots showing better structure and diversity. The diameter distribution followed a Reverse-J shape, indicating strong natural regeneration. The study provides a scientific basis for proposing appropriate strategies for sustainable forest management and biodiversity conservation in similar ecological regions.