Public health officials and physicians are concerned about possible development of bacterial resistance and potential effects on human health that may be related to the use of antimicrobial agents in livestock feed. The focus of this research is aimed at determining the economic effects that subtherapeutic bans of antimicrobials would have on both swine producers and consumers. The results show that a ban on growth promotants for swine would be costly, totaling $242.5 million annually with swine producers sharing the larger portion in the short run and consumers sharing about 75% in the long run. If a ban affected poultry as well as pork production, the total costs would expand to $586 million per year with swine producers sharing about the same as in bans for swine only and consumers sharing significantly more than the swine only case.