Polyamine Analyses of Seed Plant Organs of Crops, Vegetables and Fruit/Flowering Trees in Agriculture, and Forestry Plants in Natural Environments: Co2 Captured by Polyamines are Used for Carbon Assimilation in Plant Leaves

To determine taxonomically species-specific and organ-specific plant polyamines, cellular polyamines were acid-extracted from 95 seed plant organs, including agricultural, flowering and forestry products, and were quantitatively analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography and high-performance gas chromatography. The distribution of 15 polyamines (e.g. diaminopropane, putrescine, cadaverine, norspermidine, spermidine, homospermidine, norspermine, spermine, thermospermine, aminopropylhomospermidine, canavalmine, homospermine, caldopentamine, homocaldopentamine and agmatine) were shown in 55 plant species of Eudicots of Angiosperms, 15 species of Monocots of Angiosperms, and 9 species of Gymnosperms. Polyamine profiles are compared and considered among mangrove plants, parasitic plants, salt-tolerant plants, saprophytic plants, aquatic plants, and succulent plants, furthermore among the organs; root, stem, normal green leaf, fallen leaf, evergreen leaf, acupuncture leaf, flower, flower bud, fruit without seed, fruit skin, seed, seedling, sprout, tuber, skin of tuber, tuberous root, and skin of tuberous root. Over the past 40 years, we have analyzed 261 species of seed plants and their 1-5 organs in our 21 reports. Therefore, we have drawn four conclusions “Novel polyamines and polyamine derivatives in seed plants”, “Polyamine change in microbial symbiosis and infection in seed plants”, “Polyamines of seed plant organs as a food nutrient for human health”, and “Polyamines in CO2 assimilation of photosynthetic plant cells”.