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Abstract
From its captivating fragrance to its symbolic presence in ancient rituals, the Damask rose boasts a rich history that transcends its undeniable beauty. This article embarks on a global exploration of Rosa damascena, tracing its origins in the Middle East to its widespread cultivation across continents. We delve into the scientific mysteries surrounding its genetic makeup, potentially linked to ancient roses. The article explores the rose's cultural significance throughout history, from its connection to love and divinity in Mesopotamia to its role in Egyptian funerary practices. We then embark on a geographical journey, examining the role of trade routes, human migration, and influential figures in propelling the rose's spread to Europe, Asia, and North Africa. Morocco serves as a compelling case study, highlighting the unique integration of the Damask rose into local customs and festivals, culminating in the renowned Rose Valley and its annual celebration. Finally, the article explores the role of advancements in transportation in solidifying the Damask rose's status as a globally cultivated and appreciated plant. This comprehensive analysis unveils the Damask rose as a powerful symbol of the enduring connection between humankind and the plant world, its significance blossoming across cultures and throughout time.