Virtual Fencing: Economic and Policy Implications of an Emerging Livestock Technology for Western Rangelands

Western ranches face many challenges, including drought, labor shortages, wildlife conflicts, and reducing the environmental impact of beef production. Virtual fencing (VF) is a potential tool for addressing these issues. VF allows producers to move herds using virtual boundaries almost instantaneously using Global Positioning System collars, providing flexibility to manage where and when cattle graze. Whereas previous VF studies address on-farm economic considerations, few consider potential broader economic and policy implications. We examine how widespread adoption may affect the Western cattle industry, including labor markets, public lands, ecosystem services, and wildlife conflict. The investigation will help policymakers and extension professionals consider this technology's ‘big picture’ outcomes.