Context and background Agriculture is an important sector of the Nigerian economy. Farmland provides the most important means of agricultural production and is a basic resource and requirement for human survival; and the most important economic resource most particularly for developing countries with largely rural population, where most people earn a living through agriculture. It is the livelihood of many people across the globe, such as agricultural and livestock producers, developers, and investors. This explains the intrinsic value and premium placed on farmland particularly the rural populace whose major occupation is farming. Goals and objectives The study examined farmland values and productivity of crop arable farmers in Imo State of Nigeria. The study specifically examined the farmland values in the study area and its determinants, the productivity of the arable crop farmers and the determinants of productivity of the farmers. Methodology A multi-stage sampling technique was used in selecting 180 respondents for the study. Primary data, collected using structured questionnaire, were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical tools. Results The results showed that the mean productivities of the male and female farmers were 6.85 and 5.65 respectively. Also, 46.67% of the farmers cultivated between 1.1–2.0 hectares with average productivity of 6.05. The mean age of the respondents was 48 years. The result showed that respondents who attained secondary education were more productive and about 77.78% were married with an average productivity of 7.46. The mean household size was 6 persons per household and the most productive group were those who had a household size of between 7-9 persons with an average productivity of 6.99. On the average, the respondents have spent about 24 years on arable crop farming. Majority (77.22 percent) of the farmers had no contact with extension agents and had lower productivity than their counterpart who had contact with extension agents. Also, only 13.89 percent of the farmers were members of cooperative societies and these farmers had higher productivity. Only 11 percent of the respondents had access to credit and they had higher productivity. The land ownership status showed that majority (77.78 percent) of the respondents are owner occupiers an average productivity of 5.91 and respondents whose major occupation was farming were 71.67% with a productivity of 6.37. The average farmland value was N235, 555. The significant determinants of farmland value were farm size, productivity, returns and duration of tenure which were all positive while and purpose of use was the only negative significant variable. The mean productivity of the farmers was 6.25. The significant determinants of productivity were innovations, education, marital status, farm size, labour and credit which were all positively related to productivity. About 58.33% of the farmers were food insecure. Farmland value had a significant positive effect on productivity. The study recommends that policies that will reduce the value/price of land and grant farmers increased access to land and finance should be implemented to enhance farm investment and hence increase the farmers productivity