The Fundamentals of Combustion course is an important compulsory course for Energy and Power Engineering Majors under the background of carbon peaking. According to the characteristics of teaching and scientific research at present, combined with the characteristics of complexity, interdisciplinary and rapid technology update of this course, this paper discusses the teaching content and teaching design of this course to meet the needs of talents of production, teaching and research under the background of new engineering course. It proposes more applicable teaching methods and practical means to broaden students’ horizons, stimulate students’ autonomous learning momentum, master the professional knowledge application ability, and cultivate innovative and competitive engineering professionals to adapt to the new energy strategy.