Yuepuhu County in Xinjiang has a long history of cotton planting and is a national high-quality cotton base county. In 2002, it was appraised by the Ministry of Agriculture as the "Hometown of High-yield Cotton Production in China", with an annual cotton planting area of about 43 000 ha. Traditional cotton planting has disadvantages such as waste of water resources, low water use efficiency, easy breeding of diseases and insect pests, and unfavorable ground temperature recovery at the seedling stage. In order to solve the low water use efficiency in cotton planting in Yuepuhu County, reduce the occurrence of diseases and insect pests, promote sustainable cotton production, and improve the economic benefits and local ecological benefits of cotton planting, Yuepuhu County promoted the application of the resource-saving technology drip irrigation under ground membrane cotton comprehensive cultivation technology mainly promoted by the Ministry of Agriculture. This paper mainly discusses the disadvantages of traditional cotton planting, the main technical content of drip irrigation under ground membrane technology, the problems found in the practice process and the solutions, so as make cotton growers in Yuepuhu County better understand the planting technology under plastic film, and to better promote the development of cotton industry in Yuepuhu County and the surrounding regions.