In Santiago del Estero (Argentina), the persistence of exploitations without defined limits is related to the development of communalities in the provincial rural area. The paper aims to analyze the relationship between the structural conditions and practices operating in the constitution and the reedition of communal relations in El Hoyo rural community. From census records and through a qualitative analysis of in-depth interviews, we intended to account for the emergence of communal livestock enclosures, as a productive format anchored in a communal matrix that responds to the deployment of practices that underlies logics of community ties. Likewise, it tenses a vision that associates the presence of exploitation without defined limits and forms of communal organization with rural poverty and backwardness, reflecting on their potential in the generation of alternative development initiatives.