The article shows the economic function of the State Forests in the context of sustainable development and the implementation of the 2030 Agenda goals. This theoretical and review article was developed on the basis of the literature analysis supported by statistical summaries illustrating the subject matter. The State Forest manages almost 77% of forest resources in Poland. Forest management conducted by the State Forests is based on a multifunctional model, resulting from the need to distinguish all natural functions performed by forests: ecological (protective), economic and social function. Forest management is conducted in a sustainable manner, ensuring the renewal of forest resources and the durability of natural processes, while ensuring the possibility of drawing financial benefits from resource management. The State Forests by employing over 25,000 people with an average salary higher than the average salary in the national economy by almost 60% (2021), transferring to the state budget almost 3 billion PLN in various taxes and by supplying local budgets with a forest tax with a total value of over 235 million PLN (2021).