The future of California vineyards is murky and complex. It seems that there is a place for fresh table grapes in the marketplace, but the growers, packers, and shippers need to continue to be vigilant about reducing costs and expanding market share. The wine grape growers in the established wine grape regions will continue to prosper, as long as they also watch expenses and remain efficient. Agricultural lenders need to be especially cautious when lending to vineyard owners. many factors affect each individual grower's ability to succeed, including water issues, disease soil types, past production and farming techniques, and government regulations.