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Abstract
The UK has signed significant Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) since leaving the European Union. In some cases, these FTAs have included liberalisation on UK agricultural products, notably beef. The UK Government’s published assessment of these agreements demonstrates that it expects some UK consumption to shift from domestic production to imports. Given the emissions associated with this sector, there is likely to be some offshoring of carbon emissions. This paper sets out a variety of options to estimate and monetise the emissions impacts of this agri-food liberalisation on both the UK and partner countries. We attempt to fully capture the range of global emissions sources, including both domestic and international production and international transport emissions. A recommended approach is set out. We test this approach on the UK’s FTAs with Australia and New Zealand.