This study aims to sort out the relevant research results of the "non-grain" of cultivated land in China, summarize the research progress, and put forward questions and prospects, so as to provide theoretical reference for the research on solving the problem of "non-grain" of cultivated land to ensure food security and promote industrial development. Research methods: literature analysis and comparative analysis were adopted. Research results: most of the previous studies used the planting structure to measure the "non-grain" level of cultivated land, and few studies took changes in the quality and quantity of cultivated land as the breakthrough point. On the research scale, most of them were carried out in provinces and municipalities, and there were few multi-scale coupling studies that combined macro and micro scales. Driving factors and macro management and control strategies were the main research content, and there was little research on the construction of regional synergistic systems. In terms of research methods, most of them were quantitative analysis using mathematical statistical models, and few studies combined spatial analysis technology, model simulation and other methods. Research prospects: It is necessary to build a system for measuring the "grain" level of cultivated land, improve the accuracy of research results, strengthen multi-scale coupling research on "point, line, surface, and body", establish a regional collaborative governance mechanism, explore the application of 3S technology and geographic simulation, and grasp the temporal and spatial evolution and development trend of "non-grain" of cultivated land.