This paper aims at excavating the influence factors of earning inequality, due to the increasing contribution of earning inequality to income inequality in a rural region. The authors examine the contribution of work experience on earning inequality using survey data. Employing the quantile regression, they estimate the Mincer equation of migrant workers’ earnings and decompose earning inequality by the regression-based decomposition. It has been found that the effects of work experience had been one of the most important contributors to earnings inequality, and its contribution is close to 20%. Furthermore, the authors use the same method to examine the effects on male migrant workers. The results show that work experience had a steady contribution to earning inequality.