Much debate has focused on the relationship between economic activities and the social and environmental impacts. This article introduces a new and environmentally extended Social Accounting Matrix for Cameroon. The SAM for 2016 has been built on the National Accounts data with the combination of employment data derived by various Households and Labour force surveys, and CO2 emissions accounts has been obtained from official reports and statistics. Based on SAM linear multiplier analysis, the aim of this article is to identify the key sectors for which final demand is most conducive to job creation but also to illustrate the corresponding employment intensity of emissions. In this sense, the ‘employment intensity of carbon’ is computed and used as an indicator that shows the amount of employment associated to CO2 emitted by the production of goods and services. At a later stage, presented how a target of environmental sustainability expressed as a potential CO2 emission reduction goal, as pledged in the latest Nationally Determined Contribution, can be achieved and its implications on the employment change.