This paper assesses the global and sectoral implications of the growing demand for bio-based inputs for energy and fuel production. More specifically, the purpose of this paper is to assess the global and sectoral implications of policy initiatives in different countries or regions (e.g. the U.S., the EU, Canada, South Africa or Japan) to enhance bioenergy demand and production in a multi-region computable general equilibrium framework. Apart from policies such as mandatory blending requirements this paper identifies the importance of relative prices between bio-based and fossil inputs in the petroleum and electricity sector as an endogenous driver in the use of bio-based inputs in the fuel and energy sector.