Non-tariff barriers (NTBs) are supposedly high in Syria. Comparing world and domestic prices of imports indeed suggests that non-tariff barriers raise on average by 22 percent the domestic price of imported goods, against only 8 percent for tariffs. Their costs for the Syrian economy is in turn assessed in this paper using a computable general equilibrium model (CGE). Quantitative simulations indicate that welfare gains resulting from a complete removal of NTBs could range between 0.4 and 4.8 percent of GDP, depending on the extent of technological upgrading triggered by greater competition and access to foreign markets and technology.