This Thünen Report 103 contains the dissertation "How to successfully develop an ambitious agricultural climate mitigation policy?", written in the course of a PhD-position at the Coordination Unit Climate and Soil from 2016-2022. The thesis was submitted to the Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster to the faculty of Political Science. The oral examination was held on November 21, 2022 by Prof. Doris Fuchs (first supervisor) as well as Prof. Folkhard Isermeyer (second supervisor). The dissertation deals with the development of climate policy goals and programs in the agricultural sector and addresses the question of how the claim of an ambitious national climate policy is implemented. The empirical work is based largely on the analysis of two contrasting cases, Uruguay and Germany. For this purpose, in-depth expert interviews were conducted in both countries in 2019, and the author spent two-months in Montevideo, Uruguay. This visit was funded by the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) and supported locally by the Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuario (INIA). For this reason, the paper contains a Spanish abstract in addition to the German and English versions.