This publication illustrates the great diversity of problems involved in utilizing agricultural crop residues and offers a guide to some of the important investigations in this field. Data were collected from a large number of U.S. and foreign publications to make them more easily available to researchers, farmers, and policymakers of agricultural management. There are 642 titles that were selected from Chemical Abstracts, Biological Abstracts, the National Agricultural Library Catalog (CAIN), and Food Science and Technology Abstracts published from 1966 through 1976. Abstracts were made either from other abstracts or from the original journal articles. Agricultural crop residues, which consist mainly of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, pectin, and other plant carbohydrates, can best be utilized as one of the five F's: Fuel, Fiber, Fertilizer, Feed, and Food. These utilization methods are broadly grouped into four categories: (1) Direct uses, (2) mechanical conversions, (3) chemical conversions, and (4) biological conversions.