MwAPATA collected data for the Malawi Rural Agricultural Livelihoods Survey (MRALS) in 2019 to capture more-detailed, representative data on rural household agriculture and livelihoods in 8 tobacco growing districts of Malawi. This report introduces the MRALS design, describes the data collection, and presents descriptive statistics from key modules including demographics, land, crop and livestock production and marketing, and non-farm income.