Excerpts from the report Preface: This study was undertaken to ascertain whether milk that school children consume under the Special Milk Program supplements or replaces milk they would drink without the program. The study is part of a broad program of research designed to expand markets for farm products. The Special Milk Program, enacted by the 83rd Congress and placed into effect in September 1954, has as its basic purpose the increasing of consumption of whole milk by children in nonprofit schools of high school grade and under. From the outset of the program, a question has been raised whether subsidized milk drunk by children in schools participating in the program supplements or replaces milk consumed at home.