This report, based on household data from the Farm Costs and Returns Survey, describes the characteristics of farm operator households and their farm businesses. It also examines the sources of off-farm income received by farm operator households. This report finds that the average farm household now has an income comparable to that for all U.S. households, although wellbeing varies significantly across households. About 90 percent of farm operator households received income from off-farm sources. Although more than half of farm operators claim farming as their major occupation, a much smaller share has farm income as the household's principal source of income. This report inaugurates a new U.S. Department of Agriculture farm household income series.