Despite current crop surpluses, the concern that there may be too little agricultural land to meet future agricultural demands remains. This concern stems from declines in the cropland base due to urbanization and highway and reservoir construction, in addition to anticipated declines in productivity from energy and environmental constraints. This study analyzes the amount, location, and quality of land with cropland potential by region. Declines in the cropland base through irreversible land use changes as well as the issue of prime farmland are investigated. In addition, future research needs are outlined.