Per capita consumption of beef rose from 85 pounds in 1960 to 114 pounds in 1970, and is projected to reach about 128 pounds by 1980. Since 1950, cattle feeding has expanded until most calves are now grain fed before slaughter. Additional beef will have to come mainly from increased numbers of cattle. Beef cows grew from 16.7 million in 1950 to 37.3 million in 1970 and are expected to reach 46.3 million by 1980. Milk cows decreased from 23.9 million to 13.9 million over the same period, and are expected to number 12.1 million by 1980. The Southeast has gained 6.4 million beef cows since 1950 and is expected to add another 2.7 million by 1980. This region offers the greatest potential for future increase of beef cows in the United States. The humid climate and long growing season contribute to good forage production, thus sustaining and encouraging cattle grazing. The Corn Belt and Northern Plains also have substantial growth potential. Changes within the beef industry, improved forage production and utilization, and an expectation of favorable prices are major factors encouraging expansion in cattle raising. Beef and dairy cattle estimated for 1980 will produce about 127 pounds of beef per capita with a projected population of 230 million. Changes in cattle productivity are anticipated, as are changes in import-export balances.