The U.S. rice industry, which includes farmers, handlers, dryers, millers, processors, and traders, is more vertically integrated than other grain markets. The industry has over 300 years of history in the United States and has shown itself adaptable to changes in technology, regional advantage, export markets, environmental concerns, and consumer taste. Although producing only 1 to 2 percent of the world crop, the United States accounts for 16 to 17 percent of world rice trade. About half the U.S. crop is exported each year to diverse markets in Europe, the Middle East, Africa, Latin America, and Canada. Rice production accounts for less than 1 percent of field crop value in the United States. It is more capital-intensive than other grain crops and rice farms are larger than other grain farms. Production is concentrated in six States. Important factors affecting the future of the U.S. rice industry include: the opening of world markets, environmental legislation, new uses for byproducts, and greater income growth in developing countries.