The development of modern fertilizers has broken the theoretical framework of traditional mineral nutrition theory, and it is urgent to take theoretical considerations. Many years of the research and development practice of new fertilizer products have provided a lot of research materials and scientific basis for the development of modern plant nutrition theory, in which the organic carbon is a major research field. This paper introduced the unique advantages of organic carbon nutrition, made clear the differences among organic fertilizer, organic nitrogen and organic carbon, and pointed out that apart from "replenishing carbon by the air (CO2)", it is of great theoretical significance and practical value to exploited a new way for supplementing carbon by fertilizing .