Eliminating poverty is the essential requirement of socialism. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, targeted poverty alleviation has become a major strategy for poverty alleviation and development in China. Xi Jinping's important exposition of poverty alleviation is the theoretical basis and practical guide to direct the effective implementation of China's targeted poverty alleviation strategy. It has gradually developed into an innovative theoretical system for poverty alleviation and development in the new era, with meticulous internal logic and a reputation for the significance of the times at home and abroad. Xi Jinping's thought of targeted poverty alleviation is the development and innovation of the theory and practice of poverty alleviation and development with Chinese characteristics. It is an important guarantee for China to win the battle to get rid of poverty and build a well-off society in an all-round way, and has contributed China's wisdom and China's plan to reducing poverty in the world.