The rural land system reform is an essential part of China's rural economic system reform. In recent years, China's rural land system becomes gradually diversified, and is developing towards market and benefiting people, which is favorable for improving the rural economy. Through more than 40 years of reform and opening up, China's rural land system reform has been continuously deepened and sectionalized, which has also affected the income of farmers. Rural land reform provides great opportunities for farmers to increase their income and contribute to the realization of land asset income and interests. However, the rural land system reform also has some drawbacks, which limit the increase of farmers' income. This paper attempts to analyze the internal logic of land system reform and farmers' land interests, and accordingly comes up with recommendations for deepening the rural land reform.