BAIF Development Research Foundation's farm at Urulikancharz near Pune has been producing cross-bred dairy cattle for almost 20 years. In 1975 it began to experiment with semen freezing technology and has now produced almost 10% of the national cross-bred dairy herd, operating some 500 cattle development centres in which 1.5m families participate in six States. The BAIF programme has expanded to embrace animal health (manufacturing its own vaccines) and nutrition (centred on multipurpose tree species and by-product utilisation). It participates in several of the Indian Council for Agricultural Research All- India Coordinated Research Programmes, and has provided improved cattle to both State Agricultural Universities and ICAR institutes. Its cross-breeding programme has been externally evaluated as one of the most efficient in India, and links with central and state government programmes are set to expand.