This report presents an analysis of China’s transition to a low-carbon energy system, which requires multi-disciplinary approaches. As a world’s energy consumption driver, China will continue to play a significant role in the global energy transition in next few decades and its future choices in the energy sector will have a great impact on global energy demand and supply pattern. On the other hand, China’s unique political environment, complex geographic diversity, and ongoing US-China trade conflict have compounded the uncertainties associated with energy transition. To look into the future roles of different energy technologies, the report mainly covers the spectrum of coal, hydro, nuclear, solar and wind, unconventional oil and gas, as well as electric vehicles. With a specific focus on the power sector, the report aims to help understand the prospects for China’s energy sector based on current contexts, existing policies, announced national and regional plans, and ongoing debates.