This paper examines how the current agro-export boom in Guatemala is affecting small farm households' access to and use of land. Utilizing an agrarian history survey of households in the Central Highlands of Guatemala, the study focuses on the determinants of adoption of the new cash crops, and examines the interlinkage between adoption and land accumulation patterns. Unlike previous agro-export booms in Central America, all but the tiniest of farms are participating in the new cash crops. The positive impact of adoption on land accumulation appears most pronounced among those households that start with the least land.