The term national minority emerged in the modern age at international conferences. They gain special significance by forming the first international universal organization, the Society of Nations. In Serbia, the issue of the position of minorities appears after gaining independence in 1878. After the Second World War, the existence and position of a minority is determined by new international conventions. Concerning the SFRY, the protection of minorities was guaranteed by the constitution. Serbia and other countries that emerged from the breakup of the SFRY regulated this issue by laws and bilateral agreements. Serbia has bilateral agreements on the protection of minorities from several neighboring countries. The position of minorities in Serbia can be assessed as exceptionally good, which can not be said about the position of the Serb minority in some neighboring countries.