This article examines the spatial dimension of population aging in Australia, which over the past five decades saw the number of Australians 65 and older quadruple to 2.36 million people in 2000. It reviews some basic sociodemographic and socioeconomic attributes characterizing older Australians, and discusses likely future scenarios, and some of the more immediate social and economic implications for rural and regional Australia, such as aging’s impact on agriculture and natural resources management, and the viability of rural communities.