Rural mutual aid elderly care, as an emerging elderly care model, has become an exploration and attempt to rebuild rural communities in the process of rural social transformation. At present, in the vast underdeveloped rural areas, the rural mutual aid elderly care model is faced with such problems as imperfect policies and regulations, insufficient funds, single service items, lack of professional services, and limited functions of civil organizations. It is necessary to strengthen the formulation and improvement of laws and regulations, and to ensure the stable source of funds, enhance the level of specialization, and give full play to the functions of social organizations in the rural mutual aid elderly care model, so as to promote the sustainable development of the rural mutual aid elderly care model.